随笔 - Arithmetico-geometric Progression (AGP)

AGP (Arithmetico-geometric Progression, 没找到中文名,暂且称为 "算术 - 几何级数") 公式

\[ \begin{aligned} \sum_{i=0}^n(a+di)r^i & =\begin{cases} na+\dfrac{n(n-1)}{2}d, & r=1 \\ \dfrac{a(1-r^n)-(n-1)r^nd}{1-r}+\dfrac{1-r^{n-1}}{(1-r)^2}rd, & r\ne 1 \\ \end{cases} \\ & \to\begin{cases} \infty, & |r|\geq 1 \\ \dfrac{a}{1-r}+\dfrac{rd}{(1-r)^2}, & |r|<1 \end{cases}\qquad(n\to+\infty) \end{aligned} \]